REDEVLOPMENT OF RAILWAY CORRIDORS IN URBAN AREAS FOR GENERATING ARTIFICIAL LAND IN OLD CITIES
INTRODUCTION:
Indian railways have played a significant role in accelerating the process of urbanization. Since independence, cities have grown at an unprecedented rate because of mass migration form rural areas, explosive rate of development of trade and industrialization.
Railways being the major mode of transportation have attracted small and medium scale businesses .service industry and large labor force . Depending on the location and importance of a town, some have become ‘collection and distribution centers. As cities expanded, the railway lines and stations got surrounded by multiple use intense developments exerting adversely on the inter- relationship of various areas and the infrastructure of the city. Today our older cities are characterized by :
1 Disorganised growth of shopping centers, distribution centers, industrial and semi – industrial areas and high density residential area located around railway stations and railway yards.
2. Railway corridor being essentially of lineal natural have becomes major physical barriers between various parts of the city.
3. Deteriorating slum areas, traffic conjunction, obso-late infrastructure and in adequate community facil ities setting in condition of urban blight.
4 Ever increasing demand for additional urban space and higher land values.
5 Enormous amount of underused railway land encouraging unauthorised squatting dumping and social evils.
SCOPE
Although the problems of railway corridors in urban areas is,it needs to be considered as one of the “ National Problems” because of the rapid rate of urbanization and techno – economic change in our country. It has already become alarmingly apparent in large cities like Calcutta, Bombay and Delhi and is fast taking over smaller cities like Kanpur , Ludhiana, Agra or Ahmedabad.
In future with the introduction of mass transit system and the electrification of railways in urban areas, there seems to be a “great potential “ of utilizing the AIR RIGHTS above and at times below the railway tracks for the benefit of both
the city by providing immediate rehabilitation areas and reorganising transportation structure in a three dimensionally integrated manner
-and the Indian railway by providing much needed additional revenues, office spaces , transient passenger accommodation, trading areas and staff housing.
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Similar redevelopment projects have been success fully carried out in U.S.A (PENN center and Market Street in philadephia, Grand Central , Madison Square Gardens and West in New York etc.U.K( Birmingham redevelopment and various projects taken by GLCC for London), Canada (Project buena-ventura in Montreal, Shin juku – railway station in Tokyo , and Osaka or Kyoto station in Japan . Shinjuku or Takashimara stations in Tokyo and proposed railway terminal in Skopje,Yugoslavia are successful example of utilizing railway corridors as binders rather than barriers in a city Several of these projects are being developed under the World Bank and AID programs for financing urban redevelopment.
Case Study:
As a specific case study , this project intends to examine the North- South railway corridor between Connaught place and Tis Hazari in Delhi . The area is characterized by :
1. Blighted commercial areas like Amrit kaur market (in – front of New Delhi railway station), Qutab Road stalls, Sadar bazaar wholesale market, Teliwarea, Naya Bazar, Shardhanand Bazar and kamala Market.
2 Traffic conjestion on Qutab Road, Sadar Bazar brige, bridge connecting novelty cinema, Zorawarsingh marg. ( in front of Tis Hazari courts), Naya bazaar, Sharadhanad Marg and Ajmeri gate intersection.
3. Under – used railway property- single storyed and double storeyed staff houses and offices on Chelmsford road . Similar land around connaught place is being used for intensive commercial development –400 FA R
4 Railway corridor between New Delhi Railway station and Sadar Bazar is physical barrier dividing a major the old city
5. There is tremendous demand for additional urban space in this Area, which can be economically provided above the railway tracks on either side of Sadar bazar bridge
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